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Prova AFA 2021: questões por disciplina

As 64 questões da prova 2021 do AFA, organizadas por disciplina. Veja o que mais caiu e treine de graça com correção e comentário.

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Questões da prova AFA 2021

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AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 1InglêsInterpretação de textoFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* The damage caused by the Russian meteorite
  1. A)could be impossible to calculate.
  2. B)was not as bad as the one in Siberia.
  3. C)was much worse than the one in Siberia.
  4. D)had its impact reduced by the early warning system.
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 2InglêsConectivos e coesãoMediaAnulada
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* Without changing the meaning, the word “although” (line 6) could be substituted for:
  1. A)However.
  2. B)Therefore.
  3. C)Despite.
  4. D)Once.
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 3InglêsVoz PassivaFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* The statement “many people were injured by falling glass” (line 7) stands for Falling glass _______ many people.
  1. A)have injured
  2. B)has injured
  3. C)had injured
  4. D)injured
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 4InglêsVocabulárioFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* The passage “the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago” (lines 7 to 9) states that the incident occurred _______ a century ago.
  1. A)actually
  2. B)precisely
  3. C)approximately
  4. D)exactly
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 5InglêsInterpretação de textoFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* The Siberian meteorite
  1. A)damaged trees when it exploded.
  2. B)caused glass to shower over people.
  3. C)has the destructive power of a nuclear bomb.
  4. D)exploded over a big city.
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 6InglêsCondicionaisMedia
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* “If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed” (lines 12 and 13). We can conclude from the information in this passage that
  1. A)because of an explosion, millions of people died.
  2. B)experts managed to save people from an explosion.
  3. C)an explosion will hit both cities killing millions of people.
  4. D)the explosion and the millions of deaths are hypothetical.
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 7InglêsInterpretação de textoFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* On the same day as the meteorite exploded over Chelyabinsk,
  1. A)scientists were terrified.
  2. B)experts issued a warning for 2046.
  3. C)another linked asteroid incident happened.
  4. D)there was another, unrelated, asteroid event.
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 8InglêsPronomesMedia
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* In “scientists were expecting that visit” (line 17), the underlined word has the same use as in
  1. A)the meteorite that showered pieces of rock (lines 4 and 5).
  2. B)the same day that the meteorite (lines 14 and 15).
  3. C)that is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb (line 27).
  4. D)any comet or asteroid [ ] that hits Earth (lines 30 and 31).
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 9InglêsInterpretação de textoFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* The Russian meteorite
  1. A)will come close to Earth again.
  2. B)was too small to cause damage.
  3. C)had been predicted by scientists.
  4. D)was not noticed before exploding.
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 10InglêsInterpretação de textoFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* Experts maintain that comets and asteroids could
  1. A)wipe out only animal life.
  2. B)put an end to both animal and great part of plant life.
  3. C)cause as much damage as the Hiroshima bomb.
  4. D)kill a significant proportion of the human population.
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 11InglêsInterpretação de textoFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* A relatively small asteroid
  1. A)is not a problem if seen early.
  2. B)can still cause a lot of damage.
  3. C)cannot cause any significant harm.
  4. D)is in fact more dangerous than a large one.
AFA2021Fase unicaQuestao 12InglêsInterpretação de textoFacil
**TEXT — The end of life on Earth?** It weighted about 10,000 tons, entered the atmosphere at a speed of 64,000 km/h and exploded over a city with a blast of 500 kilotons. But on 15 February 2013, we were lucky. [5] The metereorite that showered pieces of rock over Chelyabinsk, Russia, was relatively small, at only about 17 metres wide. Although many people were injured by falling glass, the damage was nothing compared to what had happened in Siberia nearly one hundred years ago, when a relatively small [10] object (approximately 50 metres in diameter) exploded in mid-air over a forest region, flattening about 80 million trees. If it had exploded over a city such as Moscow or London, millions of people would have been killed. By a strange coincidence, the same day that the [15] meteorite terrified the people of Chelyabinsk, another 50m-wide asteroid passed relatively close to Earth. Scientists were expecting that visit and know that the asteroid will return to fly close by us in 2046, but the Russian meteorite earlier in the day had been too small [20] for anyone to spot. Most scientists agree that comets and asteroids pose the biggest natural threat to human existence. It was probably a large asteroid or comet colliding with Earth which wiped out the dinosaurs about 65 million [25] years ago. An enormous object, 10 to 16 km in diameter, struck the Yucatan region in Mexico with the force of 100 megatons. That is the equivalent of one Hiroshima bomb for every person alive on Earth today. Many scientists, including the late Stephen [30] Hawking, say that any comet or asteroid greater than 20km in diameter that hits Earth will result in the complete destruction of complex life, including all animals and most plants. As we have seen even a much smaller asteroid can cause great damage. [35] The Earth has been kept fairly safe for the last 65 million years by good fortune and the massive gravitational field of the planet Jupiter. Our cosmic guardian, with its stable circular orbit far from the sun, sweeps up and scatters away most of the dangerous [40] comets and asteroids which might cross Earth's orbit. After the Chelyabinsk meteorite, scientists are now monitoring potential hazards even more carefully but, as far as they know, there is no danger in the foreseeable future. [45] **Types of space rocks** • Comet – a ball of rock and ice that sends out a tail of gas and dust behind it. Bright comets only appear in our visible night sky about once every ten years. [50] • Asteroid – a rock a few feet to several kms in diameter. Unlike comets, asteroids have no tail. Most are to small to cause any damage and burn up in the atmosphere. • Meteoroid – part of an asteroid or comet. [55] • Meteorite – what a meteoroid is called when it hits Earth. *(Taken from: http://learningenglishteens.britishcouncil.org - Access on 29/06/2020)* *Obs.: os marcadores [5], [10], … indicam o início das linhas 5, 10, … do texto original.* Earth has been relatively safe thanks to
  1. A)luck and the protective force of another planet.
  2. B)early warning systems set up by NASA.
  3. C)researches and our position to the sun.
  4. D)the foreseeable future.
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